Everything about Thomas Docwra totally explained
Thomas Docwra (
1458? –
1527) was Grand Prior of the
English Knights Hospitaller.
Thomas was admitted to the Knights Hospitallers at the age of 16, spending about four years as a novitiate. In
1480 he was in
Rhodes with Sir
Thomas Greene during the unsuccessful
Turkish siege of the island. He later became
preceptor of the Order's holdings in
Dinmore,
Herefordshire. In
1494 Sir Thomas became Prior of
Ireland and then a year later
Turcopolier of the English tongue. By
1499 he became captain of the
castle of St. Peter in
Bodrum. In
1501 he succeeded Sir
John Kendal as Grand Prior in England, taking responsibility for all their property in England. He reversed the policy of leasing out property to secular tenants, most noticeably with
Temple Balsall in
Warwickshire. He terminated the lease of Sir
Robert Throckmorton and attempted to gain the arrears of rent. When Sir Lancelot Docwra arrived to reclaim the property, Throckmorton had fortified the manor house and refused to allow the Hospitallers entry.
Nevertheless Thomas let out
Temple Dinsley in
Hertfordshire to his nephew John Docwra in
1519. Another transaction was the leasing of land in
Hampton,
Middlesex to
Thomas Wolsey, the
Archbishop of York. This is where Wolsey built
Hampton Court of which
Henry VIII of England took possession when Wolsey fell from favour. Overall the Order had over 40 preceptories spread out from
Cornwall to
Northumberland, the majority of which retained their concentual status. Docwra would have had to visit them all once a year.
As the Lord of St John, Docwra was a senior lay baron with a seat in the
House of Lords. He was one of the peers who tried the
Duke of Buckingham for treason in
1521. He was a member of the
Privy Council and Admiral of the English Fleet, which may have been an honorary title.
As Grand Prior of St John he served on a number of commissions: he was involved with drainage in
Lincolnshire, where the order had substantial holdings and was brought in on a commission to investigate irregularities by the Masters of the Mint. he was also connected with the "search for suspicious characters in London" in
1520. But perhaps it was his diplomatic activities on behalf of
Henry VII and Henry VIII for which he's most remembered. He engaged in marriage negotiations as well as financial and commercial matters. When in
1510 the Grand Master of the Order in Rhodes requested that he come and help defend the order against the Turks, the King refused to allow him leave to go. But in
1512 he was expected to turn up with 300 men at arms and a 200 ton ship when the King had a military adventure to pursue in
France. In 1520 he accompanied the King to France to the "
Field of the Cloth of Gold".
Docwra died in May,
1527 at
Clerkenwell and was buried in the priory church. He was succeeded by Sir
William Weston, the last Grand Prior of the Knights Hospitaller in England.
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